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Women And The Nicaraguan Revolution
For forty -six years, Nicaragua was ruled by the tyranny of the U.S.-installed and U.S.-backed Somoza family. Viewing the country as if it were their personal property the Somozas used their political power to gorge themselves in riches. They owned over 500 corporations and their wealth was estimated at close to half a billion dollars. In contrast the condition of the majority of Nicaraguans was abysmal.
At the time of the revolution, half the populations was illiterate and the figure was much higher in rural areas. The infant mortality rate was 130 per 1,000 live births (nine times higher than in the U.S.) and it was three times higher than that in poorer neighborhoods. Most poor Nicaraguans had no access at all to medical care. Six out of every ten deaths were caused by curable diseases. Only 5 percent of the population had completed elementary school. The unemployment rate was 22 percent and an additional 35 percent were underemployed.
These conditions hit women especially hard. In some rural areas scarcely one woman could read or write. A large percentage of woman had to raise families by themselves, thereby bearing the full effects of the brutal living conditions. Those women who were able to find work usually found themselves in the lowest-payings job.
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